A new study by U.S. researchers indicates that HIV can infect women through healthy, undamaged genital tissue. The study by Thomas Hope of Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine and researchers at Tulane University in New Orleans will present their findings the American Society for Cell Biology meeting in San Francisco this week.
The discovery was made when Hope and his colleagues developed a new method of watching the virus.
From Reuters,
They studied newly removed vaginal tissue taken from hysterectomy surgeries, and introduced the virus which carried fluorescent, light-activated tracers.
Then they watched under a microscope as the virus penetrated the outer lining of the female genital tract, called the squamous epithelium. They also observed this same process in non-human primates.
In both cases, they found HIV was able to quickly move past the genital skin barrier to reach immune cells, which the virus targets.
Hope said the study suggests the virus takes aim at places in the skin that had recently shed skin cells, in much the same way that skin on the body flakes off.
While women account for 26 percent of HIV cases in the U.S. with men who have sex with men accounting for a majority of the cases in the U.S., internationally the disease is mostly a heterosexually transmitted disease.